Moral Panic Essay - 1130 Words

Moral Panic Moral panic is a widely used and often misinterpreted concept in social sciences. The term was invented by the British sociologist Stanley Cohen the late sixties. Cohen defined moral panic as a form of collective behaviour during which: A condition, episode, person or group emerges to become defined as a threat to societal values and interests; its nature is presented in a stylised and stereotypical fashion by the mass media; the moral barricades are manned by editors, bishops, politicians and other right thinking people; socially accredited experts pronounce their diagnosis and solutions; ways of coping are evolved or (more often) resorted to; the condition then disappears,†¦show more content†¦It represents the collective fear of the society from the other. I suggest that today moral panic is not simply a matter of exaggerated social problems, but it is a fear of losing control over the other and the fear of the truth about the other. Moral panic intends to reinforce th e boundaries between the self and the other. My case study is the moral panic of pornography on the Internet. Moral panic What is moral panic? Moral panic is a form of collective behaviour that from one day to the other considers a certain group of people dangerous. The reasons might vary from fake rumours to real (exaggerated) facts. The period of a moral panic usually ends with social actions either in form of attacking the other (in the case of a Satanic Ritual) or in changing the law (pornography on the Internet). Moral panics usually take place at the time of significant changes in society, when there is a great fear of loss of control. In these times collective consciousness needs to be reinforced so that society can locate new boundaries. Other examples of moral panics are over witchcrafts, satanic rituals, drugs, handguns, teenage pregnancy, TV violence, Internet and so on. According to Goode and Ben-Yehuda, moral panic has the following necessary indicators: 1. Concern - (different from fear) over the imagined threat (and those associated withShow MoreRelatedDon T Panic About Moral Panic2362 Words   |  10 PagesDON`T PANIC ABOUT MORAL PANIC GILAD ABIRI Contents INTRODUCTION 1 I. THE MODELS OF MORAL PANIC 2 A. Proccesual Model 2 B. Attributional Model 5 II. DO MORAL PANICS REPRESENT A THREAT TO DEMOCRACY? 8 A. The problem stated intuitively 8 B. Preferences vs. Reason – A theory of democratic decision-making 10 IV. WHAT CAN BE DONE ABOUT MORAL PANIC 15 A. The Legislature 17 B. The Administration 17 C. The Judiciary 19 INTRODUCTION One of the basic questions facing democratic institutions is how toRead MoreEssay on An Inside Look at Moral Panics1008 Words   |  5 PagesMoral Panics Opinions on personal and social matters are evergrowing and can be found in all forms of media. Themes of sex and their regulation from all forms of figures and institutions influence the publics’ perceptions of normality. The controversies of society that result in a heightened reaction from the public is a moral panic. Reactions that result in these mass panics can be initiated by simple facts about a certain taboo, and as generations change, so do the norms of that society, creatingRead MoreStanley Cohens Concept of a Moral Panic1692 Words   |  7 PagesStanley Cohen’s career started to move in the upward direction with the publication of his first serious research in 1972. The book called â€Å"Folk Devils and Moral Panics† was devoted to the issues relevant to the British society in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Exactly in this book he introduced for the first time such a term as â€Å"moral panic†, which became rather widely used since then. The author of the book concentrated his attention on the rivalry of the two British â€Å"gangs† residing in LiverpoolRead MoreCrime, Moral Panics and the Media Essay1726 Words   |  7 Pagescausing a moral panic. ‘A moral panic is a semi- spontaneous or media generated mass movement based on the perception that some individual or group, frequently a minority group or subculture, is dangerously deviant and poses menace to society. These panics are generally fuelled by the media, although not always caused by, media coverage of social issues†¦ These panics can sometimes lead to mob violence†¦ (newsfilter.co.uk). Some of the governing models of moral panics includeRead MoreDiscuss and describe a moral panic from a social science perspective.1218 Words   |  5 PagesSociety is frequently subjected to moral panics when any crime is committed. Humanity repeatedly blows crimes and incidents out of proportion until the entire society is somewhat controlled. Stuart Hall, in his book, ‘Policing the Crisis’ explained that â€Å"the media, in conjunction with the bourgeoisie, create moral panics in order to perpetrate fear and maintain control over society, as a whole.† (Hall, 2013, s. 1) Moral panics are created as a hazard and rising threat to shock both society and cultureRead MoreAnalysis Of Stanley Cohen s Folk Devils And Moral Panics 1438 Words   |  6 PagesThe term Moral Panic was an expression created by Stanley Cohen in his 1972 book â€Å"Folk devils and Moral Panics†. Cohen, who was a sociology professor at the University of Essex in the 60s, developed th e concept of Moral Panic as a way to describe the media coverage of the violence that spawned between two rival youth gangs (the Mods and the Rockers) and to explain the following societal reaction to that era’s adolescent sub-culture. Since then the term has been regularly used in the media to referRead MoreMoral Panics1609 Words   |  7 PagesChallenge: Select and describe a â€Å"moral panic† against a perceived deviance. Analyse the role of the â€Å"moral entrepreneur† and â€Å"folk devil† in your selected case. Finally, explicate what it demonstrates about individuals and their socialization. (Length: 2 000 words) Societies tend to view the youth as the future and hope of a nation. To a certain extent, societies observe the behaviours and potential of the young people to ‘estimate’ the political and socio-economic future of a nation. When thereRead MoreMoral Panics And Media Panics2494 Words   |  10 PagesMoral Panics and Media Panics A moral panic is a phenomenon that is examined and understood in an unbiased fashion. This type of panic locates a â€Å"folk devil,† is shared, remains out of synch with the seriousness it evokes, and varies in intensity over time (Goode and Ben-Yehuda, 41). On the other hand, a media panic is a moral panic about the effects of a communications medium of technology (Class lecture: January 27, 2016). Overall, a moral panic is based upon the reaction of society from an eventRead MoreThe Is An Internet Moral Panic Essay1568 Words   |  7 Pagesinternet. Teenagers are known for being vulnerable, naà ¯ve, having a vast desire to find acceptance with their peers or society and are obsessed with love. With the connection of the internet, social media, and teen it has created completely new moral panic; catfishing. According to, to Merriam-Webster catfishing is defined as an individual who creates a fake profile on a social networking site to deceive or manipulate others (Catfish) . Primarily, those who catfish use their fake profiles to gainRead MoreMoral Panic Essay1105 Words   |  5 PagesMoral panics has become a frequent term with in sociology now days. Moral panic is not new, it goes all the way back to 1971. Jock Young discussed the increase in drug abuse and made a statement about the fact how media, public opinions and authorities play a big part in making a moral panic happen. Jock Young was also the first to publish about moral panic in 1971.The term ‘moral panic’ can be defined as a disproportional and hostile social reaction to a condition, person or group defined as a threat

Macbeth - 1038 Words

â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair.† If you were presented with the dilemma of pursuing a new idea to become king, ruling the country by only committing a ‘foul’ dead such as murder would you choose to ignore it or go ahead with it? Would you do right or wrong? To ignore the premonitions or to go ahead, knowing that if you do go ahead you would destroy the natural order? This is what Macbeth had to solve within himself, his internal conflict. Ladies and Gentlemen, an overriding theme of conflict is established within William Shakespeare’s tragic play â€Å"Macbeth†. Conflict. What is conflict? We simply define conflict as the struggle between opposite forces or different opinions between people. Though it doesn’t always have to include two or†¦show more content†¦Lady Macbeth’s ambition for power leads her to an unnatural, realm of witchcraft, insomnia and madness. She transforms herself into a desexualised evil spirit. In her soliloquy in Act 1, Scene 5 â€Å"unsex me here And fill me from the crown to the toe top-full Of direst cruelty. Make thick my blood†. Shakespeare uses imagery which helps add to the unnatural forces and dark powers that Lady Macbeth must have to proceed and achieve her plans. Shakespeare has cleverly crafted the perspectives of its two main characters, Macbeth and his wife, Lady Macbeth, through his use of language techniques. The dialogue between these two protaganists highlights their external conflict. Macbeth suddenly makes the decision to no longer murder king Duncan. â€Å"We will proceed no further in this business.† (Act 1.9) Following this quote, Macbeth’s wife Lady Macbeth becomes shocked and irritated with her husband. She is patronising and personal in her dialogue as she proceeds to attack his man hood. The use of a metaphor in her dialogue in Act 1, Scene 7, â€Å"And live a coward in thine own esteem, Letting ‘I dare not’ wait upon ‘I would’, Like the poor cat I’the adage?† helps to emphasize her argument and the conflict between the two characters. â€Å"Yet do I fear thy nature: It is too full o’the milk of human-kindness†. (Act 1.5) assist her ambition. Her determinati on â€Å"we’ll not fail â€Å"is the result of the argument, Macbeth trying to prove his manhood to his wife,Show MoreRelatedMacbeth : Macbeth 1411 Words   |  6 PagesPeter Klimek Mrs. Moeller Macbeth Rough Draft 3/7/16 Ambitionz Az Macbeth Macbeth is a character in a play by Shakespeare with a tragic flaw. He had a quick rise to power and shortly after that a fall. Macbeth’s tragic downfall is a consequence of his vaulting ambition which is fueled by greed, fear and arrogance. Lady Macbeth and the three witches also have a major key in influencing his emotions. They manipulated the emotions he felt so he acted more rashly on them. Macbeth was a guy that couldRead MoreMacbeth Essays : Macbeth 1064 Words   |  5 PagesMacbeth Analytical Essay In life, there are two types of people: those who do the right thing and those who don’t. In the play Macbeth, by Shakespeare, the main character Macbeth is given a prophecy by three witches that says he will become king; however, there is no descending line of kings of his own blood. With the knowledge of the Witches’ prophecy, Macbeth’s ambition, and manipulation from his wife, Lady Macbeth, Macbeth is quickly dragged into a never-ending, bloody murder rampage to obtainRead MoreMacbeth - Imagery in Macbeth1331 Words   |  6 Pagesart of making images, the products of imagination. In the play Macbeth Shakespeare applies the imagery of clothing, darkness and blood. (listed from least to most), Each detail is his imagery, it seems to contain an important symbol of the play. Symbols that the reader must understand if they are to interpret either the passage or the play as a whole. Within the play Macbeth the imagery of clothing portrays that Macbeth is seeking to hide his disgraceful self from his eyes and othersRead MoreMacbeth864 Words   |  4 Pagesimagination. In any piece of literature, imagery plays a significant role in illustrating the characters. In the play, Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare, the characters of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are developed through the use of clothing, sleep, and blood imagery. Through the use of clothing imagery, Shakespeare exposes and develops the character of Macbeth. In the beginning, Macbeth is seen as loyal soldier of King Duncan. When presented with the title of Thane of Cawdor, he says Why do you dressRead MoreMacbeth1700 Words   |  7 PagesThe Loyalty of Masculinity In William Shakespeare’s Macbeth the main theme of loyalty is explored throughout the play by main characters. Loyalty can be defined as faithfulness or unwavering devotion to a person or cause. Duncan, Banquo, Macduff and Macbeth are all essential characters who are given opportunities to express their loyalty, however it is the different ways in which these characters choose to be loyal or disloyal that shape the play as a whole. It is the character’s loyalty and/orRead MoreMacBeth867 Words   |  4 Pagesart, and Cawdor, and shalt be what thou art promised. Yet for I fear thy nature; It is too full o’th’ milk of human kindness to catch the nearest way† (Shakespeare 1.5.12-15). Lady Macbeth is the bad influence Macbeth has in his life that persuades him into killing King Duncan and rushes into being King. Before Macbeth became paranoid after the brutal death of King Duncan, he was a worthy captain of the kings army. â€Å"The service and the loya lty I owe in doing it pays itself. Your Highness’ part isRead MoreMacbeth739 Words   |  3 PagesSynopsis Macbeth  is a play about a Scottish nobleman who learns, from a prophecy given to him by three witches, that he is to become king. When Macbeths ambition overcomes his moral judgement, he assassinates the reigning king and fulfils the prophecy. In doing so, however, he undermines his own rule with insecurity - insecurity he created when he upset the natural succession to the throne. Beheaded in battle, Macbeths death allows the rightful heir to reclaim the throne and order is restoredRead MoreMacbeth1388 Words   |  6 Pages Macbeth: Character Analysis The Tragedy of Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, is about a soldier, Macbeth, and his friend, Banquo, who meet up with three strange witches who share prophecies with the two men. Macbeth is told that he will become king someday and rule the land of Scotland. The rest of the play follows the actions of once a loyal soldier turned into a greedy king, who seeks to hold the crown forever no matter what the consequences may be. Throughout the play Macbeth displays himselfRead MoreMacbeth757 Words   |  4 Pagesat me† Macbeth to Banquo’s ghost. â€Å"This is the very painting of your fear† Lady Macbeth to her husband. â€Å"Double, double toil and trouble; Fire burn, and cauldron bubble†. Witches (4.1.1) Images of disguise and concealment (appearance vs reality): â€Å"Look like the innocent flower but be the serpent under’t† Lady Macbeth, 1, 5 â€Å"False face must hide what the false heart doth know† Macbeth, 1,7 â€Å"There’s daggers in men’s smiles. The near in blood, the nearer bloody† Donalbain 2, 3. Macbeth tellsRead MoreMacbeth2576 Words   |  11 PagesGolden Macbeth * Do you sympathize with Macbeth? Why or why not? Considering whether or not to feel sympathy for Macbeth can be based upon whether or not you think Macbeth has any control of his own destiny. If you think of Macbeth as a pawn in his own game, then you can feel sympathy. He is controlled by the witches, who promise him the crown, at exactly the right time when he has just been promoted to Thane of Cawdor. The witches give him something else to strive for. Macbeth is also

God forbid Essay Example For Students

God forbid Essay He have goodness now. God forbid I take it from him! What leads Elizabeth Proctor to make this powerful and disturbing comment on her husbands decision and why do you think Miller lets these words bring the play to an end?  I think Miller ends the play with these words to show that Elizabeth has forgiven John of his adultery and that John has finally after a lot of mistakes made the right moral decision- which has given him back his goodness. The word goodness has many different meanings. Its first meaning is the state or quality of being good. The second is generosity or kindness; the third meaning is moral excellence, piety, or virtue. The fourth meaning is a euphemism for God: used as an exclamation of surprise (not relevant to this) and the final meaning is what is good in something; essence.  Different definitions of goodness can be applied to different characters within the Saleum community: For Reverend Hale it may mean moral excellence as he takes on the role of a judge in court. For Elizabeth Proctor it would be appropriate in several ways because she has unshakable religious faith (piety), is honest, never lies, leads a moral life following the ten commandments but stands in judgment on her husband. We will write a custom essay on God forbid specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now For John Proctor he is basically a moral man, despises greed (i.e. Reverend Parris demand to own the preachers house), he is rational rather than superstitious, works hard, speaks his mind but has allowed all of his goodness to be influence by his guilt over his adultery with Abigail Williams. For Abigail Williams the only form of goodness that would have applied to her would have been the purity she lost to John Proctor. Rebecca Nurse is described as religious, noble, kindly, pure, and quite saintly so if I were to pick someone in saleum with goodness it would be her. All the other characters, which have some form of goodness, also have another side to them. Arthur Miller chose to write a realistic play about the Salem witch hunt trials of 1692 in a time when the McCarthy trials were taking place in America (this was the imprisonment of suspected communists). The hysteria and persecution of the two events are on a parallel so the audience that the crucible was written for would understand the underlying emotions and the play also gave Miller (a left winger) a platform to knock the Red-Hunt  I find it hard to understand how adults could be whipped into a witch-hunt frenzy based upon the lies of hysterical young girls but if we look at the Salem in more detail, it gives us some answers. Salem was a small insular community developed on a theocracy (a combination of state and religious power), which was designed to keep the community together and prevent disunity by the influence of outside forces. The puritanical way of life based on the bible was very strict and rigid. They were very religious, had to know the Ten Commandments and go to church, but did not celebrate Christmas. Forms of enjoyment such as dancing were forbidden and there was not very much freedom for the individual. The overall effect of living in such a repressed community was that they were fearful of the unknown and outside world and the subsequent witch-hunt released the undercurrent of emotions that had been kept under control. John and Elizabeth did not have an easy relationship. It is firstly crushed by Elizabeths illness, which leaves her bed bound and unable to perform a wifes duties which meant they had to employ a servant Abigail Williams (a malicious girl who lacks morality and has no respect for the values and rules of the community). The first time John and Elizabeth are seen together in the play at the beginning of Act 1 their conversation is stilted, they are not at ease with each other, but John is trying to please Elizabeth (is this guilt or affection?). Elizabeth is distant and cold as shown -He gets up goes to her, kisses her. She receives it. With a certain disappointment, he returns to the table. It is winter in here yet

Optimizing Millennials Communication Styles free essay sample

Developing style-typing and style-flexing skills can serve as building blocks for millennials’ subsequent interpersonal skill development in key areas such as audience analysis, active listening, conflict management and negotiation, and effective team building. An in-class exercise highlighting communication style-typing and style-flexing is included. Keywords:? millennials; communication skills; style-flexing Stereotypical views of millennials characterize them as technologically sophisticated multitaskers, capable of significant contributions to tomorrow’s organizations, yet deficient in communication skills. According to jobweb. com (n. d. ), a career development and job search website for new college graduates, effective communication skills continue to be the top-ranked criterion for managerial success. Although this has been the case since at least 1964 (Bowman, 1964), today’s employers conclude these skills are most lacking in recent graduates (jobweb. om, n. d. ). Therefore, a key question is what should business educators do to better prepare today’s students in this important skill area? Communication skills, including the ability to problem solve, work in teams, and adapt to various audiences, are critical when developing solutions in today’s workplace (Levy Murnane, 2004). We will write a custom essay sample on Optimizing Millennials Communication Styles or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These interpersonal skills must be honed for today’s student population in order for them to succeed in the 21st-century workplace. More specifically, we articulate key characteristics of today’s undergraduate and graduate students, provide evidence of the importance of effective communication skills for both individual and organizational success, and offer several recommendations for how to improve millennials’ communication skills. We believe that educating students about the concepts of style-typing and styleflexing will help them become more effective communicators by deepening their understanding of the communication process. We describe a specific assessment tool and an in-class exercise that, as business educators, we have successfully used to address the interpersonal communication skills shortfall among our undergraduate and graduate students as well as participants in executive development programs. After having studied millennials and having worked with them closely during the past several years, we believe there is a gap between where these students are and where they need to be in terms of effective interpersonal communication skills. Understanding the implications of those acknowledged differences can help overcome millennials’ communication deficiencies.

CreateSpace is DEAD. Heres what you need to know.

CreateSpace is DEAD. Heres what you need to know. CreateSpace is DEAD. Here's what you need to know. As all writers know, the process of self-publishing a book is ever-fluctuating and evolving. Case in point: CreateSpace, one of the premier print-on-demand (POD) services for self-published authors, recently merged with Amazon’s KDP Print in late 2018. As CreateSpace was one of the go-to options for anyone aiming to print a self-published book, the switch left many in the lurch and confused.That’s where this post comes into play. In this guide, we’ll look at the differences between CreateSpace and KDP Print, clear up any misunderstandings, and answer all of your lingering questions about the switch.What happened to CreateSpace? For anyone who’s not already familiar, let’s do a quick recap. CreateSpace used to be a print-on-demand service for self-publishing authors. As far as print-on-demand services went, CreateSpace was a popular one: the company made it easy to create paperback versions of books, even providing neat bells and whistles such as expanded distribution and printed proofs to make it a well-liked choice among authors.In 2005, Amazon acquired CreateSpace while it continued building its own POD service (KDP Print). In 2018, there were signs that CreateSpace might step aside entirely for KDP Print. And, in August 2018, that came true: it was announced that CreateSpace and KDP Print would merge completely. CreateSpace books would need to be moved onto the KDP platform, as CreateSpace would hitherto be obsolete.In summary, KDP has completely replaced CreateSpace and taken over its core functions. Now, here’s why that matters to you. First, you needn’t panic. KDP Print is an established platform and Amazon took many steps to make sure that the CreateSpace-KDP Print transition was smooth as possible. And the good news is, like we mentioned before, that KDP Print took on most of the features that had made CreateSpace so popular.With this in mind, most authors have reacted to the merge in one of two ways:Transferred all CreateSpace paperbacks to KDP Print. On KDP Print, you’ll be able to publish both paperbacks and eBooks - and receive your combined royalties - on a single platform.Explored print-on-demand services outside of Amazon’s dominion.So what can you expect to find if you decide to use KDP Print - and what are the similarites and differences between KDP Print and CreateSpace?Similarities between CreateSpace and KDPWhen merging CreateSpace and KDP Print, Amazon (for the most part) kept the best of both worlds.Indeed, there are more similarities between CreateSpace and KDP Print than t here are differences. KDP Print prints paperbacks, author copies, and proof copies for the same amount as CreateSpace. In addition to the printing facilities and delivery times remaining the same, these are other important aspects you can expect to remain unchanged:ISBNs. Authors will still have the option to use their own ISBN, purchase discounted Bowker ISBNs, or obtain free ISBNs with KDP Print as the imprint.Distribution and fees. Just as CreateSpace offered authors distribution to Amazon only (with a fee of 40%), and expanded distribution to stores other than Amazon (with a fee of 60%) - so will KDP Print. There is one key difference in regards to expanded distribution, which is outlined below.Book cover and interior design tools. The same Word templates and Cover Creator tool that CreateSpace offered will still be available on KDP Print.Differences between CreateSpace and KDPNow, these are some of the key differences you will find between the two services:Expanded distributio n. If you want to make your KDP Print book available for expanded distribution, you cannot also opt out of Amazon. Expanded distribution with KDP Print means that you must also list your book on Amazon.Royalties. On CreateSpace, royalties were paid every month, 30 days after the month in which they were earned. KDP Print, on the other hand, pays royalties 60 days after the month in which they were earned, meaning that any sales in February would be paid in April.Non-standard trim sizes. KDP Print offers several nontraditional trim sizes that weren’t previously available on CreateSpace.Updating books. If you upload an updated version of your book, you won’t lose the old version (which used to be frustrating if you’d already garnered many reviews and sales). The old version will continue to be available until the new version is approved.Integrated sales dashboard. Publishing and accounting are combined for both Kindle and print versions of your books, so that the user experience is vastly improved!Amazon advertising. While already available for ebooks, publishers will now also be able to purchase Amazon advertising for print books.Local printing for Europe. Instead of printing and shipping from the US (as CreateSpace did), KDP Print will print books locally for European publishers.Author copies. KDP Print lets you order author copies by adding them to your regular Amazon shopping basket, where they are treated as any other Amazon order. If your order is above Amazon’s minimum spend, or if you’re a Prime member, this should save time and money for you.Expanded international distribution. Authors will now be able to distribute to Japan.In general, most authors do end up switching to KDP Print, and most reports about the KDP Print experience are positive. We particularly recommend KDP Print if you want to distribute to Amazon, as you’ll end up saving on time and fees. (Distributing to non-Amazon online stores is another sto ry. Jump here for our discussion of this course of action). Expanded distribution, non-standard trim sizes, oh my! What are the other differences between CreateSpace and KDP Print?Click To Tweet And here’s the great news: transitioning from CreateSpace over to KDP Print is very seamless, as you'll find out for yourself shortly in the next section.How to switch from CreateSpace to KDP PrintIf you decided that you want to continue with KDP Print, Amazon’s made it pretty simple to transition existing titles on CreateSpace to KDP Print. You might even say that it’s as easy as one, two, three, (and four).Let’s get started.Begin by verifying your CreateSpace and KDP accounts on this page.Hit â€Å"Start your move† to begin importing your entire catalog from CreateSpace to KDP Print. Amazon will do it all for you at this point - the whole process should only take a minute or two!Double-check all of your ported data - just to make sure that Amazon imported everything correctly. This includes your titles, book covers, blurbs, and metadata.Double-check your pricing and distribution fields once everything is imported.And that’s it! From this moment on, everything you do to print your self-published book should go through KDP Print - and once you make the switch, there’s no returning to CreateSpace.Finally, a note on your metadata: KDP will offer you seven keyword fields, in contrast to the five that CreateSpace provided. That’s a great chance for added discoverability, so be sure to use them wisely. You can discover more about Amazon algorithms and ways to use them to your advantage in this free course. Level up your Amazon algorithmsSign up for this free 10-part course! Enter your email below and select 'Marketing - All You Need to Know About Amazon Algorithms' in the drop-down menu. Print and Distribute Your Book with Blurb and Reedsy Read post Of course, you may also decide that this is the perfect time to branch out and learn what exists beyond Amazon. Several other companies offer reputable print-on-demand services - each with its own pros and cons. These include:BookBabyIngramSpark (use that link to get a promo code!)BlurbLast year, we tested the quality of the four biggest print-on-demand services in the industry by sending a book to BookBaby, IngramSpark, KDP Print, and Blurb to be printed. Our comprehensive breakdown, along with the results (and winner) of our test, are in this post. We also go in-depth into our recommended distribution setup and considerations of royalties that may prove important to your decision.Where to print your book - and making sure that you get the maximum quality of service and product - is an important decision that you’ll need to make if you’re not planning to only publish eBooks. When you get to this stage in your self-publishing journey, it’s better to be fully i nformed. We hope that this post has cleared some things up for you, but if you have any more questions and concerns, please leave them in the comments and we’ll be happy to answer them to the best of our ability.Are you a self-published author who recently had to make the switch from CreateSpace to KDP Print? What did you think about the experience? Leave your thoughts in the comments!

ASU Admissions - ACT Scores, Financial Aid More

ASU Admissions - ACT Scores, Financial Aid More Over half of all students to Alabama State University receive rejection letters; in 2016, the acceptance rate was 46 percent. That said, the admissions bar isnt overly high. Many admitted students have SAT and ACT scores that are below average, and a GPA of C or higher is often adequate (most successful applicants are up in the A an B range). The university uses an index of GPA and test scores for admission eligibility, so students with higher grades can have lower test scores and vise versa. Be sure to visit the ASU admissions website for more information. Will You Get In? Calculate Your Chances of Getting In  with this free tool from Cappex Admissions Data (2016): Alabama State University Acceptance Rate: 46 percentGPA, ACT and SAT graph for Alabama StateTest Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 370 / 460SAT Math: 360 / 460What these SAT numbers meanCompare Alabama SAT scoresACT Composite: 15  / 19ACT English: 14 / 19ACT Math: 15  / 17What these ACT numbers meanCompare Alabama ACT scores Alabama State University Description: Alabama State University is a public, historically black university located on a 135-acre campus in Montgomery, a city with a rich civil rights history. Founded in 1867, the schools long history has evolved with the citys. Today, students come from 42 states and 7 countries, and they can choose from roughly 50 degree programs at the undergraduate and graduate level. Biology, business, criminal justice, and social work are particularly popular. The curriculum is supported by a 17 to 1  student / faculty ratio. Student life is active at the university and includes numerous fraternities and sororities. In athletics, the Alabama State Hornets, compete in the NCAA Division I Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC). The university fields seven mens and nine womens Division I sports. Enrollment (2016): Total Enrollment: 5,318  (4,727  undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 38 percent male / 62 percent female92 percent full-time Costs (2016 - 17): Tuition and Fees: $9,220  (in-state); $16,156  (out-of-state)Books: $1,600 (why so much?)Room and Board: $5,422Other Expenses: $3,392Total Cost: $19,634  (in-state); $26,570 (out-of-state) Alabama State University Financial Aid (2015- 16): Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 97 percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 90 percentLoans: 83 percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $6,831Loans: $6,634 Academic Programs: Most Popular Majors:  Accounting, Biology, Business Administration, Communications, Criminal Justice, Elementary Education, Physical Education, Psychology, Social WorkWhat major is right for you?  Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Transfer, Retention and Graduation Rates: First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 63 percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 7 percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 22 percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs: Mens Sports:  Football, Baseball, Basketball, Golf, Tennis, Track and Field, Cross CountryWomens Sports:  Soccer, Tennis, Volleyball, Softball, Basketball, Bowling, Track and Field Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

Fair Play Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fair Play - Essay Example 3. There was nothing wrong with Ward providing a letter of introduction if he was genuine and had interests of the organization at heart. However, the problem only arose when he sent an introduction letter on behalf of a friend. This indicates a conflict of interest where it can be seen that he wants to provide some favors to his friend. This is likely to compromise the integrity of the whole committee. Ward should not represent personal interests but should act in a professional and impartial way. The criteria for selection should be based on experience and integrity of the company not background information characterized by personal ties. 4. The CEO’s friend did nothing improper in this case. As long as they have the requisite experience to perform the task, they are also entitled to be considered for selection besides the fact that they know the CEO. As long as the principles of fairness and impartiality are taken into consideration, there is nothing wrong with the CEO’s friend being considered for the job. 5. The Ethics Oversight Committee did not operate effectively in as far as their mandate was concerned. They acted in solidarity while at the same time blocking investigations that would have unearthed certain unethical practices taking place within the committee. The committee’s major role is to ensure that ethical practices are upheld every time not to take a leading role in concealing some of the ethical practices taking place within the organization. 6. The ethics committee is not doing a great job in trying to balance the ethical breaches and the interests of the organization. By virtue of refusing to take part in the meeting that has been meant to resolve some of the issues that had emerged, it can be seen that the committee is not fully serving its purpose. This only created interests among other stakeholders since they believe that the

Maths ans. to Two of the Big questions posed by the New Science [dated Article

Maths ans. to Two of the Big questions posed by the New Science [dated 18th November 2006] re creating an objective way of viewing the world and a identity for - Article Example I have just completed a seven year research project exploring the idea of using the natural symbolic / mathematical properties of language to construct an objective technique for thinking about and viewing the world as a commonly experienced and quantifiable reality. I feel that my research goes hand in hand in solving the Two of the Big Questions posited, "What is Realty?" by Penrose and "What is Consciousness?" by Broks My proposed solutions to these questions along with appropriate quotes from the article sections are included. These responses stem from my research and are presented first in statement form as feasible answers to these queries and second in tabular / mathematical form in the included Appendices. After a careful study of patterns within language, I formulated a concept that would relate these patterns to SET theory, the fundamental concept in mathematics wherein all members have the same characteristics. My mathematical degree allows me to think objectively when relating seemingly subjective viewpoints of the world and reality. I believe that this mathematical approach to the perception of reality is the "Holy Grail" that Professor Penrose has been looking for. He states, "To address the nature of reality we need to understand its connection to consciousness and mathematics" (38). Furthermore, "We have to understand the connection between physical reality, conscious mentality and the wonderful world of mathematics" (2). This mathematical approach is reflected throughout my research and my responses here are actually a small, but important, part of the entire project. "Can we be sure that the world we experience is not a figment of our imaginations?" (Penrose 32). The supposition of my research states that it is possible to attain an objective, and thereby universal, way of perceiving the world / reality. Penrose goes on to ask, "Should we not

Social Welfare Essay Example for Free

Social Welfare Essay Social work, as a profession, originated in the 19th century in England. The initial challenge was to identify the decisive role of social work: Advocacy or reaching out with social needs of individuals. This essay attempts to focus on the contemporary role and functions of the social work in its aspects of diversity, complexity and variety of setting especially in the 21st century. It critically evaluates the way social welfare system is being delivered, the ideology behind the change of policies, and how the changes have influenced social welfare in the UK. The main objective is to discuss the issues and challenges relating to the role of the social worker and to value the significance of the development in social work. Function of Social work in the UK and the Role of a Social Worker An attempt to explore the role and function of the social worker should address one fundamental question – ‘What is social work? ’ Apart from some established ideas of a social work, it is also significant to ask, ‘What is it that represents social work? What skills and expertise are expected of social workers? ’, ‘What training and education is appropriate/ adequate for social workers? , and ‘What are the roles of the social worker that might set them apart from other professions? ’ Cree V. , finds it almost impossible to find a simple definition of social work with which everyone is likely to agree. (Cree, 2003, p. 3). Beresford and Croft capture the fluidity of the function and scope of social work. They say, â€Å"All the signs are that the roles and tasks of social work have not been and are still not well known to the public or to service users. Studies of public and service user understandings from the 1980s and 2000s both provide evidence to this effect†. As they continue to explicate the reason for this flexibility, they note disengagement between producers of definitions and the users of the same. â€Å"The fact that service users may not know what the nature and scope of social work practice resulted in one current text recommending that social workers needed to be much clearer to service users about what they do† (Beresford, Adshead and Croft, 2007) According to Thompson (2000) Social work is what social workers do. This need based activity is presumed to enhance the scope of the definition of social work. The aim of social work, [therefore], is improvement in social life, increasing cooperation among human being and increasing solidarity in society. However the largely convincing and widely used description of the concept is that social work is â€Å"a profession which promotes social change, problem solving in human relationships and the empowerment and liberation of people to enhance well-being. Despite differences in approaches, a crucial objective of social work from its outlook is about assisting, supporting and enabling the community. For the very purpose one constancy in the history of social work has been its concern for those who suffer from the negative effects of social inequalities. For many this apprehension with inequality and poverty has become growingly important since it seen to be the rising gap in contemporary societies among the wealthy and the deprived. In a context of contested concepts, Askeland and Payne (Askeland and Payne, 2001) raise critical question of ‘agency’ to â€Å"validate† the characterization of social work. These definitions could emerge from the perspectives of politicians, social workers, policy makers and practitioners. When these groups become agencies of definitions, they are â€Å"fuelled by vested interests and media representation† Of crucial significance for this discussion is ‘what represent the prime function of social work’. According to Clark â€Å"Social work is committed to rights and justice† (Clark, 2002). Rights and justice here are to be taken as the motif of social work towards life- enhancing activities. Social workers concern is for the individual and helping them achieve change, a certain quality of life and protection from harm or harming others (  ADSW)  (Association of Directors of Social Work), 2004). In other words, â€Å"The essence of social work is maintenance: maintaining a stable, though not a static society, and maintaining the rights of and opportunities for those who in an unplanned uncontrolled community would go to the wall† (Davies, 1981,) Here, we can draw a clue from Askeland and Payne’s ‘agency’. The vested interests in the definition might not have taken the concerns of the service users adequately. For many there has never been a more important time social work to establish itself as a credible profession working to ensure that the interests of less advantaged sections of the community are promoted and protected†. (Jordan and Parkinson, 2001; Jones et al. , 2004). Often social workers have been practicing their role in diversity, complexity and variety of settings as counsellor or caseworker, as advocate, as partner, as assessor of risk and of need, as care manager. They are closely linked with the values and principles seen to underpin social work in general. The Social workers often plays a role as care manager. They are involved in finding resources for clients or service users, however the social worker’s involvement has very little direct contact with regards to the clients whose care they are organising. The social worker can as well be seen as a partner of and working for disadvantaged or disempowered individuals or groups. Again, there is a close relationship between the social worker and those she/he is supporting. In symbol to both the social worker as advocate and social worker as supporter, the empowerment of the service user or group is vital and paramount. The social workers are being given a key role in the assessment of need and risk over an individual service user and also number of client groups. The concern has been that while assessment is a significant task for social workers it may well be at the cost of other tasks essential for social workers such as fulfilling the casework role and working with individuals, families and groups. Likewise, â€Å"the assessment role may also be seen to be associated with a policing or surveillance role† (Garrett, 2004). A misunderstanding in the relationship between the client and the social worker may well appear. The possible confusion and ambiguity in role has also been explored in reference to the mental health role carried out by social workers† (Myers, 1999). The function of social work, mainly from a fundamental viewpoint, can also be seen as traditional force in spreading a social and economic structure which accounts for the inequalities and disadvantage experienced by various communities and individuals. Therefore the social worker can be considered as an agent of social control. In a wider sense this can be refer to the role the social worker who can involve in maintaining the social system in broad-spectrum. If social work did not exist then there would be a breakdown in the social system. ADSW  (Association of Directors of Social Work, 2004). One of the challenges for social workers could well be conflict between these different ideal types because they make very different assumptions about the function of social work on what should be expected, because social workers often asked to fulfil conflicting roles at any one time. â€Å"Too often today social workers are often doing little more than supervising the deterioration of peoples lives† (Jones et al. , 2004). The social worker can also be viewed as an advocate who act on behalf of the poor and socially excluded. The advocacy role can also be practiced for individuals or groups such as families or communities and in some areas. As a social worker the advocacy role can also be connected with community work which can give assist or support individuals or groups by giving voice or assisting them to give their own voice to their wishes, needs and aspirations. The advocacy role provides rights to the concept of a secure affiliation between service user and social worker. The above discussion indicate the range of potentially conflicting roles which social workers are seen to fulfil as a social worker as advocate, counsellor, caseworker, partner, risk assessor, care manager and agent of social control at large. Significance of anti-discriminatory/anti-oppressive practice Scholars have identified at least two ways of understanding Anti-oppressive practices within the scope of social work: Maintenance approach: This approach helps people to organise their life- style in a way to meet the challenges pragmatically. Here, the service providers play the role of informants regarding the available options and resources. This model develops a unilinear approach in professional relationships where service providers are presumed to be equipped with options that are compatible with the needs of the users. This might impersonalize the relationship between the service provider and the user as the users do not test out the options before them. Therapeutic approach: This method helps users to look out for solutions and ways out in the context of relationships. The options are weighed to see how best they are personally helpful as well as relationally congenial. Here, the clients are listened to carefully before being suggested with the services. These resources are largely derived from the already Anti-Oppressive Practice is embedded in the living experiences of oppressed people and many studies and research which explore these. Anti oppressive and Anti-discriminative practice in social work addresses social divisions and structural inequalities in the work that is done with service users. Anti- oppressive and Anti-discriminative Practice seek to deliver suitable and sensitive services by react and respond to peoples needs regardless of their social status, race, and gender. Anti – oppressive and Anti discriminative Practice represent a person centred beliefs, an egalitarian value formation, apprehensive to reducing the harmful effects of structural disparity upon peoples lives. In the words of Thompson (1993), anti-discriminatory practice is viewed as a good practice. He maintains that such a view on the practice seeks to reduce, undermine and eliminate discrimination and oppression. He thus argues that the favour of power rests with the Social worker in this case, and are in turn influential in implementing discrimination and oppression to their best ability. Thompsons view is strongly supported by many of his contemporaries. Carniol (2000) argues in favour of Thompsons claim when he states that the social worker can link personal matters and public issue. With the fact that social workers are theoretically informed and empowering, their practice finds it necessary to have a viewpoint that is flexible without losing focus. The use of power dynamics by social workers transcends description of practice and moves to creative and innovative ways of working with an emphasis on reflexivity, social difference, being powerful or powerless and an act of challenging reforms for the benefit of people.

Do Lotteries Benefit The Poor? :: essays research papers fc

Do Lotteries Benefit the Poor? Lotteries take advantage of the poor in several ways. The lottery entices the poor to waste their money on lottery tickets, rather than everyday necessities, such as food, clothing and shelter. The main way that lottery promoters succeed in attracting the poor is through the persuasive use of advertisements. Other members of anti-lottery groups believe lottery advertisements are deceitful and attract poor people to its promises. Flashy slogans and pictures of large amounts of money are more than enough to pull the needy closer. These poor people are those that least need to be attracted, because they do not have the money to spend on tickets. This wasted money on advertisements is capital that should be used to help the poor in socially useful programs. The lottery is nothing more than a money-taker that uses advertisements to persuade those in search of money to try the lottery.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The money spent on advertising for the lottery is an absurdly large figure. Not only are the poor wasting money on lotto tickets, but the government is also wasting money on advertising for the lottery. The government only started to heavily advertise when they saw the annual sale of lotto tickets declining. In 1998, the lottery’s â€Å"sales growth slowed by two point five percent in one year†¦ and new lottery products were created to rekindle public interest, focused primarily towards the poor† (Ira Teinowitz 3). Most of these products consisted of corny scratch of tickets where prizes got no higher than five hundred dollars. It has been reported that nearly 200 million dollars were spent on lotto advertising in one year between the 38 participating state lotteries (Teinowitz 3). â€Å"The New York lottery takes in more than $2 billion in sales each year, and it spends $30 million in advertising to keep the cash rolling in†(Joshua Shenk 22). This is very destructive spending, because this money could be used for schools, charities, and college education. Besides the money spent on such ads, these ads are obviously focused towards the poor person who just needs to read a few catchy words to help himself by a ticket. A study by the Heartland Institute has indicated that the poor spend more money than the non-poor on lotteries, â€Å"not only as a percentage of their income, but also in absolute terms† (Shenk 22). The advertisements have slogans such as â€Å"Play the Lotto, and you could win the stuff dreams are made of†(Shenk 22).

Choosing the best harware for my system Essay

      Paint Free with every computer The main use of paint is that you can create drawing on the computer and you can also design stuff as well. The advantage of paint is that you can actually draw your picture. The disadvantage of paint is that your drawing isn’t accurate if you have a steady hand. It is very easy and straight forward to use. You cannot use it in any advanced data. Every one can use paint to create4 anything. Some people may find it very childish and might not like it. Alternatives This table is about the application I am going to use and the alternative application I am going to use. Name of Application. Alternative Application The way it works Advantages Disadvantage Difference it would make if I used it Microsoft word Notepad The way it works is that it is special application that enables to write things and also you can write your work in such way that suits you best. The advantage of Microsoft is that you can do a publish your in various ways. The disadvantage of Microsoft word is that it takes quite a lot of space. The difference that it would make to use Microsoft word it would be much easier, better and more sufficient. Another advantage is that you can you can do your in such a way that it fit you best. The thing bad about notepad is that the entire font has to be the same type of font. Notepad takes very little space. You cannot put pictures in notepad which makes it look bad. Microsoft access Open office base The way it works is for creating switchboard and web pages. The advantages of Microsoft access is that there are so many ways of creating a switchboard and you can choose any way you like. The disadvantage of a Microsoft access is that it is made for small business and not for big business. The difference that it would make to use Microsoft access it would be much easier, better and more sufficient. It is very fast and reliable. It takes up a lot of memory. It is very easy and straight forward. Office has fewer tools than access and less professional. Internet explorer Mozilla Firefox This works by You clicking on the application then a page should appear on the screen and you can go on any website you want. Mozilla Firefox is very fast compared to internet explorer. It is more expensive than internet explorer because it is better than it. Mozilla Firefox is much better than internet explorer because it is the latest application out and though it takes more space on your memory but it is more secure. There is less chance you will get a virus when you download things. Mozilla Firefox takes time to load on websites that have viruses. It is more secure than internet explorer. Mozilla Firefox is more complicated because less tools. Paint Adobe Photoshop The main use of Paint is that you can create drawing on the computer and you can also design stuff as well. Paint is very simple and straight forward. The disadvantage of paint is that your drawing isn’t accurate if you have a steady hand. The difference it would make if I used paint is that it would be easy and also it comes free on the computer. Paint can be used by anyone even children. Another disadvantage is that people might think that paint is not suitable for them due to its childishness. Paint already comes with the computer. Also It is slow to use and the file document for paint looks too childish and also pictures cannot be uploaded on database. Input The input devices that I am going to use are keyboard, mouse and scanner because these help me to create a database. Device Speed Errors that can be made Way to correct errors Keyboard The keyboard doesn’t actually have a speed that it works it depends on how the fast the typist is. The errors that can be made is that when someone is typing too fast or normally then they can press the wrong buttons and then the word becomes the wrong spelling which can lead to problems such as, if you spell the name wrong then the ticket can be addressed to the wrong person and also if you enter the address wrong then the ticket will be sent to a different address. This will cause a lot of hassle. The ways to correct this is asking the customer what he has said and to reassure that he has said the right things and if the customer has said a letter then you can use phonetics like â€Å"a† for â€Å"apple. † Mouse The speed of the mouse depends on how fast the user actually moves the mouse. The errors that can be made with a mouse is that you click on the wrong thing and this could also lead to a lot of difficulties because if someone booking a ticket to a certain place then if an employee clicks on the wrong place or the wrong time it will cause a lot of havoc. The ways to prevent these mistakes is by when the employee is talking to a customer then he should double check that what he is clicking also another way you can prevent these thing is by having shortcuts and switchboard so that there is less chance of clicking the wrong thing. Scanner The speed of the scanner depends on how powerful the scanner is like if it is powerful then the scanner will be quick for scanning. The errors that can be made on a scanner is that if someone is accidentally put the paper the wrong way round then the picture that appears on the screen will be also the wrong way round this will be trouble for the company because if their logo is the wrong way round then the they will put their logo up and when they do that the customer will see that the company is not professionally trained and then customers might not join the company. The ways to prevent this is by double checking first if the paper is the right way round and that the lit of the scanner is shut properly and to see if you have typed in the right settings and that you give the scanner enough time to scan. Keyboard To detect errors in my work I used spelling and grammar checker, which showed me the errors that I had made in my work. I also proof read the work to make sure there were no errors. To correct errors in my work I used spelling and grammar checker which gave me suggestions for my errors. I corrected some errors manually by reading through the work and then correcting the errors and I also right-clicked on the mistake and chose from the matching/possible spellings. To prevent errors from happening in my work I checked and read everything whilst typing to make sure no errors were being made. To prevent any errors in typing I used the validation technique to ensure that the data entered was valid. I also used drop down boxes to limit the search to make it easier to find the data. Mouse To detect errors in my work I checked that there were no extra/unwanted lines or marking made and that no other program or tool was clicked besides the one that I wanted. I corrected the errors in my work by using the eraser to erase unwanted lines or markings and I closed the program that had opened accidentally and opened the one that I needed for my work. To prevent errors from happening in my work I drew everything carefully and slowly and did the drawing step by step to make sure no unwanted markings/lines were made. I also clicked items carefully to make sure that no other programs or tools were opened or clicked. I also used specific buttons to automatically draw a proper line or to direct me exactly to the location I wanted to reach. Scanner To detect errors in my work I used spelling and grammar checker and proof read the work to make sure there were no errors. I also checked that the scanned image/text was exactly the same way around as the original piece. To correct errors in my work I used spelling and grammar checker to correct the mistakes and rotated the image/text back to its original form if it had been scanned up side down. To prevent errors from happening in my work I made sure that the paper was put the right way around on the scanner glass and the cover was closed properly to prevent smudging of letters. Effects of Inaccurate Data If you have inaccurate data it will affect your system and may lead to customer leaving. Data Effect Way it can be prevented. Name spelt incorrectly The ticket could be given to the wrong person or else when the person calls in to book another flight the customer will be told that the staff member could not find his/her account this will result in wasting further time as employees will have to either create a new account or ask for further details. If the customer discovers that the company is not very professional as they make a lot of mistakes then this can result in the company losing important members and customers. The ways this problem can be prevented is that when the customer phones in, when the employee is speaking to the customer and the customer tells him his detail then when he says something the employee can use phonetics e. g. â€Å"a† for â€Å"apple† or other than that the employee can use headphones to hear the customer more clearly or use a webcam to see the actual customer and there will be less chance of the employee to make a mistake and these are they way it can be prevented. Address not correct, such as postcode The effect of the address not being type in correct is a great thing because when the company sends the ticket to the wrong household then when the customer asks when the ticket is going to arrive then there will be confusion and argument and by this the customer might leave or the will further wasted time by making a new one. The way to prevent this problem is that when the customer tells his detail and when the employee hears then there should be validation and verification then there will be less chance of misconception. Recommendations not checked correctly If the recommendation is not entered properly then what the customer would have wanted on the flight will not be there and if it is a old person that requires space then if the company entered the wrong recommendation then it will cause the old person a lot of trouble. To prevent the wrong recommendation then the company could put the right input mask in then there will be less chance of the recommendation being type incorrectly. Gender not entered correctly. If the gender is not entered in properly then when they are boarding or in the airport then there will think that the customer will be trying to fraud his passport and this will cause a great hassle. Also if the gender is entered wrong it can cause the customer a lot of embarrassment. To prevent this type of mistake then the company should put validation and verification and make it only they can enter the words â€Å"male† or â€Å"female† and by doing this will reduce the chance of making a mistake in writing whether male or female. Date of birth not entered in correct format. The problem if the date of birth is not typed correctly then when the customer goes to the airport it could can be very embarrassing and after the customer might chose to leave the company. To prevent this mistake the company when making the database they could put in the right ‘Input Mask’ and the right data type. Subscriptions not entered in correct format If the subscription is entered incorrectly then if like a fat person asked for 2 seats then if they get it wrong then when the fat person goes in the plane then it will cause him a lot of hassle. To prevent this mistake then the company should put in the correct input mask and the right data type and also use phonetics and this will lower the chance of making a mistake. The best method of getting the most accurate information is to re-check with the customers. Validation When someone is entering data into something it is very vital for you to enter it correctly. This is why validation comes in. The actual meaning of validation is to make sure the data is allowable like when you get a database and when it says enter gender and if you enter something besides â€Å"male† or â€Å"female† then it does not allow you this what validation it. I need validation for my database because when someone uses it then there is less chance that someone will make an error this is why I going to use validation. Verification (It was mentioned earlier that validation cannot make sure data that you enter is correct, it can only check that it is sensible, reasonable and allowable. However, it is important that the data in your database is as accurate as possible. Verification can be used to help make sure that the data in your database contains as few mistakes as possible. ) This is from Teach me ICT. Com by this you can see that when verification is the like the second step of validation that make sure that you most likely not to get a mistake and lowers the chance to get a mistake. Output This table is the output devices that I am going to use. Device Type The way it works Advantages Disadvantages Best place to use it Printer Laser The la.

Malcom X Summary

Malcolm X’s Prison Education Malcolm X was an African American Muslim minister who, as a teen, spent most of his time hustling people and getting into trouble. This soon landed him in prison. During his prison sentence he became self-educated, which led him to be an articulate speaker, to discover the true history of African American slaves, and to become a strong advocator of human rights. Malcolm X’s â€Å"A Homemade Education†, starts off in a soft and calm tone. X uses a persuasive style narrative from the Autobiography of Malcolm X to share his story.By the end of the essay his tone has changed to a more angry and demanding style. While in prison, X explains how he began writing letters to Mr. Elijah Muhammad, a Muslim leader, but, not being able to write in an articulate manner, X began getting frustrated because he could not express what he wanted to say. He also states that he could not keep a conversation with his prison friend Bimbi or even understand t he books he read because of his lack of knowledge.X says that he got a hold of a dictionary and began to copy word for word everything, learning more words and what they meant. He also says went to the prison library and read books about science, history, and slavery. X was most inspired by Mr. Muhammad’s teachings. X explains that in one of Mr. Muhammad’s teachings, Mr. Muhammad stressed how history had been â€Å"whitened,† in other words, that black history was left out of history books (95). He says he immediately began to search in the library for books that would inform him about black history.He says he read many books about black history and the early struggles for freedom. X states he will never forget how shocked he was when he read about the brutality of slavery or the illustrations of black slave women being tied up and beaten, children being taken away from families, and dogs hunting down slaves. X explains how he read books about the histories of v arious nations and learned that the white men had made all non-white people suffer, especially in India and China.He explains how the British white man controlled much of India and how people of India refused to obey orders and were beaten and killed. X also explains the Opium War in China and that some observers in China have reported that the world had never known such a hate campaign as is now going on in this non-white country (98). Reading about the various histories of the world, X found a common theme; white men were not liked by many civilizations. X states that he never knew that reading in prison would change the course of his life.He says his homemade education has given him more than a college degree could ever give him and that it is worth more than a college education because it is knowledge that no one can take away from him. Malcolm X states he has learned a lot from his reading about black history, he stresses that black men should not only fight for civil rights, b ut they need to think bigger and win their human rights. Works Cited X, Malcolm. â€Å"A Homemade Education. † The Conscious Reader. Ed. Caroline Shrodes, Michael Shugrue, Marc DiPaolo, Christian J. Matuschek. Glenview, IL: Pearson Education, 2011. 92-100. Print.

Propositions in Debate Definition and Examples

Propositions in Debate Definition and Examples In an argument or debate, a proposition is a statement that affirms or denies something. As explained below, a proposition may function as a premise or a conclusion in a syllogism or enthymeme. In formal debates, a proposition may also be called a topic, motion, or resolution. EtymologyFrom the Latin, to set forth Examples and Observations An argument is any group of propositions where one proposition is claimed to follow from the others, and where the others are treated as furnishing grounds or support for the truth of the one. An argument is not a mere collection of propositions, but a group with a particular, rather formal, structure. . . . The conclusion of an argument is the one proposition that is arrived at and affirmed on the basis of the other propositions of the argument. The premises of an argument are the other propositions which are assumed or otherwise accepted as providing support or justification for accepting the one proposition which is the conclusion. Thus, in the three propositions that follow in the universal deductive categorical syllogism, the first two are premises and the third the conclusion: All men are mortal.​Socrates is a man.Socrates is mortal. . . . Premises and conclusions require each other. A proposition standing alone is neither a premise nor a conclusion. (Ruggero J. Aldisert, Logic in Forensic Science. Forensic Science and Law, ed. by Cyril H. Wecht and John T. Rago. Taylor Francis, 2006) Effective Argumentative Essays The first step in arguing successfully is to state your position clearly. This means that a good thesis is crucial to your essay. For argumentative or persuasive essays, the thesis is sometimes called a major proposition, or a claim. Through your major proposition, you take a definite position in a debate, and by taking a strong position, you give your essay its argumentative edge. Your readers must know what your position is and must see that you have supported your main idea with convincing minor points. (Gilbert H. Muller and Harvey S. Wiener, The Short Prose Reader, 12th ed. McGraw-Hill, 2009) Propositions in Debates Debate is the process of presenting arguments for or against a proposition. Propositions for which people argue are controversial and have one or more individuals presenting the case for the proposition while others present the case against it. Every debater is an advocate; the purpose of each speaker is to gain the belief of the audience for his side. Argument is the core of the debate speech- the superior debater must be superior in the use of argument. The chief means of persuasion in debate is the logical mode. (Robert B. Huber and Alfred Snider, Influencing Through Argument, rev. ed. International Debate Education Association, 2006) Clarifying Propositions [It often requires] some work to extract a clear representation of an argument from any given prose passage. First of all, it is possible to express a proposition using any kind of grammatical construction. Interrogative, optative, or exclamatory sentences, for example, can, with appropriate contextual stage setting, be used to express propositions. In the interests of clarity, therefore, it will often be helpful to paraphrase an authors words, in expressing a premise or conclusion, into the form of a declarative sentence that transparently expresses a proposition. Second, not every proposition expressed in an argumentative prose passage occurs within that passage as either a premise or a conclusion, or as (a proper) part of a premise or conclusion. Well refer to these propositions, which are neither identical with nor embedded in any premise or conclusion, and to the sentences by which they are expressed, as noise. A noisy proposition makes a claim that is extraneous to the content of the argument in question. (Mark Vorobej, A Theory of Argument. Cambridge University Press, 2006) Pronunciation: PROP-eh-ZISH-en

How to Get a Letter of Recommendation After Graduation

How to Get a Letter of Recommendation After Graduation Letters of recommendation can be hard to obtain if youve been out of college for a while. Many applicants use professional contacts, college alumni, and even long-lost professors to fulfill this important requirement. Using Professional Contacts Graduate school typically is a way for a student to get in-depth experience on a topic of interest and often relates to the current job the applicant holds. As such, a professional contact can be a practical candidate for writing a recommendation letter. Ask your supervisor to support your application to graduate school, and the letter can directly address your workplace skills and how you can contribute to the field in the future, especially once you complete your studies. If youre not able to use your supervisor, you might reach out to a mentor or a colleague in the same position as you to complete the letter of recommendation. In any case, the colleague needs to write about knowledge of the applicant in a professional context, discussing relevant skills such as reasoning, problem-solving, communication, time management, and so on. College Alumni If youre not able to use a professional contact, consider asking a graduate of the school to write on your behalf. A LinkedIn profile can be a helpful resource for finding connections who went to the college in question. Assuming this individual knows you well, you can simply reach out and ask. Provide some details on the program youre applying to, achievements youve had in your career, and your goals coming out of the program. This can help the letter be more personal. If you dont know the person that well, ask to meet for coffee and to get to know each other better. This can be a risky move because the alum might not be comfortable writing on your behalf if youre not close. However, you can ask to still meet to get more information on the program and the college. You may wish to share your resume before the meeting and give some background on why youre interested in the program, and your career goals. Be prepared to ask questions, learn about their experiences, and share your own qualifications. Then you can ind out if the alum she would be willing to write on your behalf. If youre applying to graduate school well into the future, you might consider reaching out to someone from the school to be a mentor. Then youll have time to develop a working relationship and youll be more likely to get a recommendation when the times comes. Plus, you might learn something from your new mentor along the way. Former Professors Although many students fear that their professors from years ago will not remember, theres a good chance that they will, and it never hurts to reach out and ask for a small favor in the long and difficult process of getting a professional career.   Regardless of whether they remember the particular students winning personality or personal details of their lives, professors keep records of grades that will help them evaluate whether they can write a helpful letter on the students behalf. Professors are used to hearing from former students years after graduation, so although it may seem like a long shot, it may not be as difficult as some might think. Even if the professor has left the institution, applicants can contact the department and request contact information like an email address or simply run an internet search on the professors name. Many students opt to connect with professors on social media, particularly LinkedIn, which allows you to reach out to past contacts and stay connected over the years. A student contacting a former professor should mention what classes were taken, when, what grades were earned, and anything that might help the professor remember that particular student. Applicants should be sure to give the professor enough information to write a good letter, including CVs, copies of papers the student has written for classes, and the usual materials. Other Options Another alternative is to enroll in  a graduate course or continuing education course (as a nonmatriculated, or non-degree-seeking student) before applying to a full program. If you perform well, youll be able to ask the professor to write on your behalf to apply to the full graduate program. This approach can also help demonstrate your ability to succeed in the program.

Statement of purpose Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 12

Statement of purpose - Essay Example My application to the university of xxxx Masters Program in Law is informed particularly by the university’s mission of preparing its graduates to compete globally. My interest in the field of law started developing during my childhood mostly because of my family background which has many of lawyers. I started appreciating and desiring the work done by lawyers as a child and went on to work hard in school especially in language subjects knowing there are pre-requisite to pursuing professional law. My father particularly has been a great source of inspiration for me; he kept encouraging working hard so as to achieve my dream of becoming a lawyer and strived to see me get the best quality education. At school especially high school level, joined the debating clubs and really enjoyed debating issues with a lot of passion. My teachers noticed my desire to pursue law as a professional and encouraged me to achieve good grades that would enable to me further my studies. My hard work paid and I was able to score grades that saw me secure a chance to pursue college education. It is during my undergraduate studies that my interest in becoming a lawyer became intense. My interactions with the course materials, lecturers and other students on campus made me understand a great deal how law as a profession plays in our everyday lives. Also my internship apart from the invaluable work experience and other skills gained made me appreciate the work of lawyers in resolving our issues in business, families and other facets of society. It is then that I made a resolve to pursue a Master degree in law so as to gain more knowledge, grow my professional outlook as a lawyer and apply my knowledge of law resolving problems in my society which I believe will give me a satisfaction of having participated in the transformation of society. Am a very outgoing

Origin of Sin Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Origin of Sin - Thesis Example It is not always that people come up with one agreed upon explanation on the origin of whatever they were trying to address. For again, it is human nature to disagree, and this explains why there are very many views that try to explain the origin of a single phenomenon. There are those who believe that the world was created, while others believe that it evolved. Every side of the debate is backed by what they believe to be irrefutable evidence to back their claims. The same applies to the debate that surrounds the origin of evil. It is a fact that evil exists in our society. To understand it, it is important to first discern its origins. Many views exist on the origin of evil. The most notable ones are the Christianity and scientific views. Christian or what is commonly referred to as Augustinian view contends that when God created the world, it was good and perfect, devoid of evil. But something happened down the line that polluted the serenity of the universe. This school of thought credits the devil as been the source of all evil in the world. The second school of thought believes that there is a gene that causes men to behave wickedly. It is what they refer to as the evil gene. This paper is going to compare and contrast these two views. Augustine, and in extension all those who subscribe to this view, base their explanation on the writings to be found in the bible. ... "To know the truth about origins, we have to consult the bible".1 This is to be found in the book of genesis, where the story of the creation is told. According to MacArthur, the first and second chapters of the book of genesis explain on the origin of the universe2. This means that these two chapters explain the story of the creation. But the chapter that is of interest when it comes to origin of evil is the third one. In genesis Chapter 1, we read "everything God has made was very good. He rested on the seventh day of creation"3 (verse 31). This goes to show that God had created an evil free universe. But that is not the case today. We live in a world where evil reigns. So what happened If God, the creator of all things, did not create evil, where did it come from The answer to this question is to be found in chapter three of the same book. We read here that Satan took the form of a serpent and convinced Eve to eat the forbidden fruit. This was where the evil began, since the tree was banned for the duo's consumption by God. By eating the forbidden fruit, Adam and Eve went against the will of God. This was the original sin, the cradle of all evil. From this reading, we can see that evil originated from Satan. The problem with the story of creation when it comes to explaining the origin of evil is that God is the creator of all things. This is well captured in the bible. The reasoning progresses through three premises. The first is that "God created all things"4. The second premise is that "evil is a thing"5. The third premise connects the previous two by stating that "God created evil"6. If the previous two premises hold, then it is only logical that the third premise is also true.

Employment Law, First Examination (Essay Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Employment Law, First Examination ( - Essay Example To be noted, Momma Mia operates through a total of around 1000 employees, which is greater than the minimum required size to be classified as a Title VII included company, whereby the employees are protected under the provisions of the Civil Rights Act (US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, â€Å"Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964†). Security, Inc. However, in doing so, she will have to prove few elements, which will support her action of whistle blowing. Laws and elements that Jill needs to prove. In order to avail the benefits liable to her for whistle blowing against the sexual harassment she had to face in Momma Mia, Jill has to prove that she is an employee in the company and not an independent contractor by policy as was mentioned in her contract. In order to prove that she was an employee and correspondingly, justify the contractual term ‘independent contractor’ as void, Jill needs to satisfy the 6 silk criteria as was declared in accordance to the case of [Schultz v. Capital Intern. Security, Inc. No. 05-1192. 460 F.3d 595 (2006)] (Leagle, â€Å"Schultz v. Capital Intern†). ... o share the profit/loss of the company depending on their managerial skills, which signifies the second silk factor and hence should be proved by Jill to obtain the legitimate rights in the case. The third silk factor states than an independent contractor and not an employee will have rights to invest in the resources to make the work done in the best interest of the company. As Jill did not make any such investment and also because no such clause was mentioned in her contract, she can prove that was an employee in Momma Mia. However, a critical understanding to the factors depict that the fourth and the fifth silk factors do not clearly advocate in favor of Jill but also do not oblige Momma Mia to suffice the conditions required to prove Jill as an independent contractor to the company. In the sixth silk factor, Jill can prove the significance of her job role in the company as a public relations manager, which in turn would suffice her stance as an employee and not as an independent contractor to Momma Mia (Juffras, 2008). Jill can furthermore prove the selection process of the company, through which she was hired, as unjustifiable and irrelevant for the position on offer. In the selection process, the employers intended to select candidates on the basis of their physical appearances where the educational merits along with other professional skills commonly argued as mandatory for such a job role became decorative features. Additional preference to females rather than to males also indicates towards the fallacy of the selection process, which might turn the case in favor of Jill. Correspondingly, taking the advantage of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), Jill can also file for privacy rights violation conducted by the employer in her interview

Stress And Burnout In Criminal Justice Criminology Essay

Stress And Burnout In Criminal Justice Criminology Essay Comparison between Law Enforcement and Correctional. Stress and burnout occur in all different types of jobs and careers. However, some vocations are more prone to job stress and burnout than others are. Both police officers and correctional officers are exposed to work environments that are characterized by high levels of stress. Stress and burnout for both police officers and correction workers can greatly affect the field of criminal justice. According to Karen Hess (2009), stress can be both positive and negative, and this stress or excitement is why many police officers enter the law enforcement field (p. 464). Any given day, a police officer may have to shoot someone, be shot at, chase down a robber, deal with child abuse, and see death. Additionally, a correctional officer may also have to encounter a violent prison conflict or riot, encounter dangerous offenders and numerous other potentially dangerous situations. With the increasing prison population and never end sprees of crime, the stress for correctional officers and police officers is also increasing. Both law enforcement and the correctional field are widely considered some of the most stressful occupations, and both are associated with high divorce rates, alcoholism, suicide and other emotion and health problems. According to O. Ramos (2010), stress in the law enforcement field is unique because it is a constant factor with only changes in the degree and duration of the stress. Over the years, numerous research studies and projects have been performed to investigate how stress affects police officers and correctional workers physical and mental health by agencies such as the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health and the National Institute of Justice. Through this research and studies, researchers have been able to indentify stress factors that are unique and more pronounced in these career fields, as well as their effects on the lives, jobs and the field of criminal justice. Stress can have numerous causes and can differ from individual to individual. According to Lambert, Hogan, Hiang, and Jenkins (2009, July), stressors are conditions that place excessive demands on an individual and can lead to discomfort, strain and conflict for the individual. While both the police officers and correctional officers are frequently faced with high levels of stress, the causes of the stress differ between the two groups with the job differences they face. Causes of Stress for Police Officers Issues in the officers personal life, the pressures of law enforcement work, the attitude of the general public toward police work and officers, the operation of the criminal justice system, and the law enforcement organization itself can all be stress factors for numerous police officers. According to Burke and Mikkelsen (2005), police stressors fall into two major categories. The first category stems from the nature of the job, and the second category involves the organizational aspect of law enforcement. The stress of the job involves the physical aspects of the job and includes threats, use of force, exposure to violence and danger, dealing with uncertainty, shift rotations, inadequate or broken supplies, low pay, excessive overtime, and constant fear of injury or death. On the other hand, the organizational aspect of law enforcement that contributes to job stress invovle the poor management, inflexible hierarchical structures, roles, inadequate communication, and organizational structure (Burke et al. 2005). In fact, Burke et al. (2005) discusses how the bureaucratic nature of the law enforcement organization obstructs police officers from feeling as if they have input in changing the policies sand procedures. There is also conflicting policies, poor supervision, and endless rules that create a tense and stressful work environment. McCarty, Zhao and Garland (2007) also discuss how job stress can differ between male and female police officers. For instance, female officers may be subject to gender discrimination from male officers and supervisors, which could increase their job related stress. Female officers also feel additional pressure that they have to prove themselves more on the job, as well as feel their male partners provide inadequate backup and question their abilities more frequently (McCarty et al., 2007) Additionally, individual stress factors can play a factor in a police officers stress levels due to their personal life. Some individual stress factors include family problems, financial problems, health problems, and taking on a second job for extra income. In fact, many officers are willing to put their health at risk for overtime or another job for the additional income (National Institute of Justice). Causes of Stress for Correctional Officers Correctional officers face some of the same and similar job stressors as police officers as well. Correctional officers have to deal with the never-ending demands of inmates. Correctional officers are also responsible for large array of responsibilities and duties to ensure the correctional facility is properly maintained in an organized manner. Aside from police officers, the workplace nonfatal violent incidents are higher per 1,000 employees for correctional officers than any other profession (Finn, 2000, p. 2). Additionally, according to Childress, Tallucci, and Wood (1999), while a correctional officer operates in a high stress work environment much like a police officer, there have been minimal examinations of the correctional environment in comparison to the voluminous research conducted on the causes and consequences of stress for law enforcement officers. However, it has been determined that some of the job related stresses include inmate demands, low pay, excessive overtime, poor public image, shift rotations, threat of violence, understaffing, amount of contact with inmates, role ambiguity, role conflict, and role overload. The major forms of stress in the work environment can be categorized into organizational structure and job characteristics (Lambert, Hogan Allen, 2006). According to Lambert et al (2006), organizational structure deals with how an organization or agency is arranged, managed and operated, and it normally throughout the entire work environment and therefore influences all employees that work there. Lambert et al (2006) cite a study by Stohr, Lovrich and Wilson that the lack of participation in decision-making caused increased stress for correctional officers. Additionally, the lack of control over the work environment due to the centralization of decision-making can increase the levels of stress. In fact, Lambert et al (2006) performed a study at a Midwestern correctional facility that showed workers who perceived a lack of input into decision- making or a lack of job autonomy had increased levels of stress. Furthermore, lack of information or being kept in the dark is another stress factor for correctional staff caused by the organization structure. Inadequate communication about their jobs is major stress factor. Correctional staffs need clear communication about their tasks, jobs, and issues in order to complete their job and be an effective member of the organization (Lambert et al, 2006). Additional organization-related conditions that can cause increased stress for correctional officers are understaffing, mandatory overtime, understanding, and unreasonable demands. Finn (2000) describes how understaffing can create different types of stress such as lack of time to complete tasks, overload of work, apprehension, and inability to get time off (p. 12). Understaffing also causes the need for extensive overtime from the correctional staff. On the other hand, there are job characteristics that cause stress. Job characteristics are specific to certain jobs; therefore, they are not always found throughout the entire field. Job related stressors included the threat of inmate violence, inmate demands, and problems with coworkers. Lambert et al. (2006) identify some job characteristics as job variety, skill variety, role conflict, role ambiguity, task significance, task identity, and supervision. The roles that correctional officers have to assume can create considerable stress for the officer. According to Lambert et al (2006), role strain is liked to increased stress and role conflict occurs when behaviors for a given job or position are inconsistent with another. Correctional officers also face stress from outside sources other than the prison or jail that they work at. One cause of outside stress is their public image. A lot of the time correctional officers or prisons and jails in general are portrayed in a negative light. This negatively comes from the fact that many people do not know or understand the role and jobs of correctional officers. Sometimes this negatively even forces correctional officers to discuss or talk less about their jobs with others. Another outside source of stress is their pay. Correctional officers do tough work for little pay. Effects of Stress Burnout Possible Solutions to Job Stress and Burnout Law Enforcement Officers Correctional Officers According to an article written in Corrections Today, correctional agencies are losing money, losing good employees, and jeopardizing officer and public safety due to work-related stress. (Anonymous, 2007) Conclusion

Malaysia Essay examples -- Knowledge Management

A. INTRODUCTION Malaysia has developed Knowledge Management program since 1957 after Independence Day. In early stage 1970’s development a growth was concentrated in the agriculture and natural resources sectors. The official of Knowledge Economy started a few years ago by Former Minister of Malaysia Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad emphasised the knowledge can growth productivity in Knowledge rich economies. In their speech mentioned skill and speed comes from the depth of knowledge that one has of the different elements and technology capacity can be made to work yield desired result. One of the most important to ensure successful KM an organization needs to encourage individuals in the organization to share not only their explicit knowledge but also the tacit knowledge that they have. Smith (2001) was argued if the management does make clear statement employees are likely to share only explicit knowledge because it is easier to encourage the knowledge. Implementing a KM system can be complex and dynamic, no matter how well planned and developed as it involves people and other organizational factors (Bixler, 2002). B. WHAT IS KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT? Many large, medium and small organizations are now engaging in KM in order to gain a competitive advantage in the market place. KM has a significant influence on the success or failure of organizations. According to Call (2005), many different definitions exist for KM and it is often defined as anything someone or organization wants it to be in order to understand the basis of KM at least a broad definition of knowledge. It is a common belief that by leveraging knowledge, an organization can stay competitive in the more globally oriented market of today. Gartner Group Inc. (1996)... ...iatives have centered on nation building, enhancement of the marketplace, promotion of the workplace, customer care, education, community support and environmental conservation to achieve multiple objectives such as community development, human capital development and environmental conservation. As a long-term business strategy, they will continue to invest in staff development to enhance staff core competencies to sustain superior performance and prepare them for career progression. 3. Overview activity based Knowledge Management approach The focus of the Public Bank’s KM initiatives during 2004 shifted from infrastructure development to the more challenging task of embedding knowledge processes within the Bank’s business process operations. Latest KM initiatives activity was launched in order to make KM a natural part of all employees daily activities.

Differences Between Hinduism and Buddhism

Religion is the basic belief which one practices. It determines the life of an individual. Religions evolve from different customs, traditions, practices and values. Among these religions, Buddhism and Hinduism are one of the two most influential religions with a philosophical element in them. Both of the religions are closely related to each other and hence originated from South Asia. Since they were generated from different parts of India, the basic beliefs and practices are same, though they differ on major grounds.Commenting upon the type of philosophy they practice, one would easily discern the difference of Hinduism being more stable and Buddhism relying more on humanitarian philosophy. However, Buddhism is considered to be a more universally accepted religion as compared to Hinduism. Both the religions spread from India reaching the corners of the World.HINDUISMHinduism is religion which generated and expanded through different groups in India from 1500 BC. Hinduism dates back to the time of Indus civilization. There is no one person who found this religion, unlike Buddhism, whose origin is accredited to Gautama Buddha, a Hindu himself.that is why, Hinduism is generally considered to be a collection of different ideas of groups sharing a common background, culture, traditions and beliefs. Hinduism is divided into different categories such as Brahmanic Hindus, Vedic Hindus, Reformed Hindus, Devotional Hindus and more. Hinduism has many interesting features. This includes the captivating culture, the myths and the stories from the past which is present in their Holy Scriptures. Important Hindu books include the Bhagwad Gita, Ramayan and more which are essential for the guidance of Hindus. Hindus worship several Gods each accredited to a certain value.However, it’s the Brahman who is considered to be the Supreme Authority. Hinduism, a theistic religion, often regarded to be a polytheistic religion, generally prevails throughout India. Hinduism is oft en regarded as the ‘eternal religion’. it is the third largest religion in the world with 837 million followers. Hindus practice the caste system, value meditation and entertain festive occasions such as Diwali, Holi and more. Other beliefs universally practiced by Hindus include the faith in Vedas which is the ancient sacred text, the priests, reincarnation and the law of Karma which determines the destiny of birth and death.The basic purpose of life is to attain liberation from reincarnation where as they live a life according to the rules of Dharma.BUDDHISMBuddhism, as compared to Hinduism, is a non-theistic religion which is divided into two major schools- Mahayana and Theravada which differ on certain religious grounds yet practice certain same beliefs. Buddhism focuses on the individual spiritual development. However, Buddhism is based on the teachings of Gautama Buddha who was born in Nepal in 563 BC. His birth proved to be a milestone in history which amused peo ple not with his origin but his character.They used to ask questions such as are you God or an angel and Buddha used to give a simple yet intriguing reply that ‘I am awake’. (Huston Smith). 1 Buddha generally means The Enlightened One or The Awakened One. With his birth, a sense of serenity developed over the country and everybody rejoiced except the evil Mara. He was an epitome of perfection who was blessed with everything from family to wealth, from knowledge to understanding, yet there was a feeling of discontentment which outlasted during his twenties. He belonged to a wealthy family and led a luxurious life.His father was worried about his future and to end this fret he consulted the fortune tellers. They told him the reality of Buddha’s oncoming life. If he remained with the world he would end as the Universal King of India, it conqueror but if he forsook the world, he would eventually become a world redeemer. Keeping this scenario in view, his father put a ll his efforts to provide Gautama with every existing pleasures of life inorder to keep him intact with the world. He was provided with a number of palaces and around 40,000 dancing girls.All efforts were put forward to keep him away from the ugliness of life but despite these efforts he came in contact with the truth of old age, poverty and death which eventually ended the glitters of the worldly pleasures. Finally, he bid a silent goodbye to the worldly pleasures and led a pure life thereby keeping away from the luxuries of the world. Buddhists do not worship any deity. As per the teachings of Buddha, they believe that one should concentrate on issues which could be practiced or be divulged. However, he never denied the belief in God.Buddhist scriptures comprise different myths and stories which circulated throughout the world . Buddhism follow certain practices and beliefs such as the idea of Karma, rebirth, Dharma, the path of enlightenment and more. The important concepts are T he Four Noble Truths and The Eightfold Path. The Four Noble Truths include Dukkha which tells us that all existent happenings are associated with suffering, Trsna is all about the origin of suffering, Nirvana enfolds the concept of bringing a possible end to the sufferings and the EightFold Path which is a way of ending these sufferings through a possible solution.However, other customs related to Buddhisim include meditation, Buddhist worship and more.SIMILARITIES BETWEEN HINDUISM AND BUDDHISMSince both of the religions, Hinduism and Buddhism, originated from the same piece of the world, they constitute a wide range of similar teachings, beliefs and practices. It is even said that Buddhism originated through Hinduism therefore, it’s obvious that both of the religions would have a number of similarities. 1. Smith Huston, The Worlds Religions: Our Great Wisdom Traditions, chapter 2, 3, Harper Collins Publisher.Critically evaluating, one would easily say that the basic doctrine s are same for the two religions but still they differ a lot when it comes to practicing those beliefs. Both of the religions have a faith on the deceptive power of the nature. The religions are ruled by the laws of Karma which is applicable to every being. According to this law, every living thing is rewarded or punished according to his deeds and intentions. Along with this, the religions even belief in the cycle of birth and death. They even place their faith in the fact of the presence of a number of hells and heavens.According to Buddha, personal desires result in severe suffering. This concept is entertained by Hindus as well, as found in some Hindu texts. Both of the religions do believe in the concept of worshipping a God but on different planes. The idea of compassion and non-violence is entertained by the two religions. Moreover, the two religions deal with the benefits of the community giving it a higher priority then an individual. However, Buddhism focuses more on the i ndividual development then the society. Both the religions reject the evil of selfishness.The two religions follow certain common spiritual practices such as meditation, cultivation and other states of mind related to the purity of mind and soul.DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BUDDHISM AND HINDUISMHinduism and Buddhism generally follow the same concepts yet differ on many circumstances. Some doctrines which are help important for the Hindus are not valued much by the Buddhists and vice versa. Buddhism has a more practical approach as compared to Hinduism. The major difference between the two religions is its origin and its founder. Buddhism was founded by a single leader, Buddha, where as Hinduism has no one leader.There are many groups behind the generation and expansion of Hinduism. The Vedas, which is the sacred text of Hindus, is of wide importance for Hindus whereas Buddhist do not consider the Hindu scriptures essential. The idea of individuality and belief in God is different for both th e religions. There is a conspicuous variance in such philosophical pursuits among the two religions. Buddhism does not belief in the existence of souls and on the Supreme Authority- God. Whereas, believe in Atman which is the inner self. it is the ingredient of every individual which experiences the philosophical, spiritual and physical realm of life.The Hindus place their belief and worship the Brahman who is considered as the omnipotent, omnipresent and the eternal self. The three Gods of Hindus are Shiva, Vishnu and Brahma. For Buddhists, Buddha is the Supreme Authority and they do not consider any other being equal to him in any aspect. on the other hand, since Buddha was a Hindu who resorted to the Hindus for knowledge and guidance, he is believed to be the incarnation of one of the Gods of Hindus, Mahavishnu. According to the Buddhists, the chief purpose of life is to end the suffering since the world is filled with sorrow and grief.However, Hindus consider four major tasks to be fulfilled when in the world, the religious duty, issues related to wealth, fulfillment of desires and salvation. Hindus inculcate this idea in the human mind, that the passions are not supposed to be suppressed but intelligently fulfilled. Moreover, Hindus deem the four stages of life i. e. the stage of studentship, householder, forest dweller and the stage of renunciation, whereas the Buddhists deny these concepts. Buddha encourages his believers to reach to the end of suffering whereas Hindus lay greater emphasis upon the enjoyment and bliss of life.The religions even differ on social aspects. Hinduism is practiced individually whereas the Buddhists are divided into a monastic Order. Another major difference between the two religions is that the Hinduism is divided into 4 castes such as Brahmins, Ksatriyas, Vaisyas and Sudras. On the other hand, there is no distinction in Buddhisim on the basis of color, caste and creed. Buddha obtained enlightenment through meditation whereas the general concept prevalent among Hindus is that an individual can attain God through meditation. Hinduism and Buddhism are widely practiced and one of the two most influential religions of the world.Since both of them arose from the same part of the globe, they do have a number of similar beliefs but they differ on other practices and doctrines. Buddhism starts from where Hinduism ends. Buddhism is based upon the teachings of Gautama Buddha who left no successor but spread the message of love and peace, or in short enlightenment, through a group of monks and nuns. Technically speaking, Buddhism is a more developed, organized and established religion which is based upon the belief of Dhamma in association with concepts of The Four Noble Truths and the eightfold Path.On contrary, Hinduism has been originated through a number of groups sharing common interest, traditions, history and beliefs. Moreover, it can be evaluated from the fact that Buddhism is a more positive religion sinc e it was generated as result of Hindu uprisings. The two religions are similar as well as different on the major beliefs such as Karma, Dharma, Mantra, Meditation and Reincarnation. In association with these concepts, certain features are entertained by Buddhism and certain by Hinduism. Thus the two are no doubt closely linked to each other.